JDSE
Journal of Dental Sciences and Education

The Journal of Dental Sciences and Education deals with General Dentistry, Pediatric Dentistry, Restorative Dentistry, Orthodontics, Oral diagnosis and DentomaxilloFacial Radiology, Endodontics, Prosthetic Dentistry, Periodontology, Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Oral Implantology, Dental Education and other dentistry fields and accepts articles on these topics. Journal of Dental Science and Education publishes original research articles, review articles, case reports, editorial commentaries, letters to the editor, educational articles, and conference/meeting announcements.

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Original Article
Influence of polishing systems and thermal aging on the surface gloss of microhybrid and nanohybrid resin composites
Abstract
Aims: This study evaluated the effects of different polishing systems on the surface gloss of microhybrid and nanohybrid resin composites and the effect of thermal aging on gloss retention.
Methods: Ninety standardized specimens of 3M™ Filtek™ Z250 and VOCO GrandioSO were assigned to three groups (n = 15): Twist Dia (TD), Sof-Lex Disc (SD), and control. Thermal aging was performed for 15,000 cycles between 5°C and 55°C with a 30-second dwell time. Surface gloss was measured at baseline, after polishing, and after thermal cycling. Statistical significance was set at p < 0.05.
Results: Polishing significantly increased surface gloss in both composites (all p < .001), whereas thermal aging significantly reduced gloss (all p < .001; Cohen’s d = 2.32–4.24). Immediately after polishing, TD and SD showed comparable gloss values (p = 1.000). Composite type did not significantly affect gloss overall (F(1,84) = 3.02, p = .086). After thermal cycling, SD retained significantly higher gloss than TD (p = .002) and the control group (p = .018). Split-plot ANOVA demonstrated significant effects of thermal cycling (p < .001, partial η² = .908) and polishing system (p < .001, partial η² = .470), as well as significant polishing system × thermal cycling and composite type × thermal cycling interactions (both p < .001).
Conclusion: Polishing significantly improved surface gloss, whereas thermal aging substantially reduced it. Although both polishing systems performed similarly immediately after polishing, Sof-Lex demonstrated superior gloss retention after thermal aging. Composite type did not significantly affect overall gloss but interacted significantly with thermal aging.

Keywords : Composite resin, finishing and polishing, surface gloss, glossmeter, thermal aging

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Ethical Statement

Ethics committee approval was not required because this was an in vitro laboratory study conducted exclusively using commercially available resin composite materials, without involving human participants, human-derived biological specimens, or animals.

Informed Consent

Informed consent was not required because this in vitro laboratory study did not involve human participants or human-derived biological materials.

Author Contributions

The author is solely responsible for the entirety of conception, execution, analysis, and writing of the manuscript.

Conflict of Interest

The author declares no conflicts of interest related to this study.

Financial Disclosure

The author received no financial support for the conduct or publication of this research.


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Article available in :
Volume 4, Issue 4, 2026
Page : 150-157
https://doi.org/10.51271/JDSE-0091
Article Information
Received : 20 Ağu 2026
Accepted : 05 Eki 2026
Published : 28 Eki 2026
Corresponding Author :

Simge Gümüş Ayaz: Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Dicle University, Diyarbakır, Turkiye

[email protected]
Citation : Gümüş Ayaz S. Influence of polishing systems and thermal aging on the surface gloss of microhybrid and nanohybrid resin composites. J Dent Sci Educ. 2026;4(4):150-157. doi:10.51271/JDSE-0091

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