JDSE
Journal of Dental Sciences and Education

The Journal of Dental Sciences and Education deals with General Dentistry, Pediatric Dentistry, Restorative Dentistry, Orthodontics, Oral diagnosis and DentomaxilloFacial Radiology, Endodontics, Prosthetic Dentistry, Periodontology, Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Oral Implantology, Dental Education and other dentistry fields and accepts articles on these topics. Journal of Dental Science and Education publishes original research articles, review articles, case reports, editorial commentaries, letters to the editor, educational articles, and conference/meeting announcements.

eISSN: 2980-1389
Creative Commons CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 International License.
EndNote Style

Online Manuscript System

Index
Original Article
Investigation of the effects of embedded third molar to the second molar through cbct and panoramic radiography
Abstract
Aims: The aim of this study is to evaluate the correlation between these two methods by comparatively examining the caries, external root resorption, and periodontal bone destruction caused by impacted third molars on adjacent teeth by comparing panoramic and CBCT images.
Methods: In this study, all the OPG and CBCT images of 388 impacted third molars belonging to 205 patients were evaluated. While impacted third molars were differentiated according to Pell & Gregory and Archer and Kruger classification criteria, distal caries, marginal bone loss, and external root resorption in the second molar were examined by panoramic and CBCT.
Results: 388 impacted teeth were evaluated in 205 patients, and the rate of distal caries was 27.5% in panoramic radiographs and 31% in CBCT (p<0.05). External root resorption formation in second molars observed in CBCT was not observed in 18.8% of panoramic radiographs (p<0.05). Marginal bone loss was observed 9.8% more in CBCT than in panoramic x-rays (p<0.05). All three pathologies were observed at the highest rate in the Class 2 position, while distal caries was observed at the highest rate in position B. In the examinations performed for the lower and upper jaws, the rate of all three pathologies was found to be higher in the CBCT evaluation than in the panoramic radiography.
Conclusion: CBCT; Although it is disadvantageous in terms of radiation dose and cost, it has been found to be more effective than panoramic x-ray in the detection of distal caries, marginal bone loss, and external root resorption pathologies. It is thought that this situation can be considered as a criterion in terms of profit-loss analysis when the examination is requested, thus preventing pathologies from being overlooked.

Keywords : Impacted molar tooth, distal caries, external root resorption, marginal bone loss, CBCT, panoramic radiography

Download Article


1. Alling CC, Helfrick JF, Alling RD. Impacted Teeth. W.B. SaundersCompany, Philadelphia 1993:196.
2. Purfasar F, Salemi F, Dalband M, Khamverdi Z. Prevalence of impactedteeth and their radiographic signs in panoramic radiographs of patientsreferred to Hamadan dental school in 2009. Avicenna J Dent Res.2011;3(1):25-31.
3. Kang F, Huang C, Sah M, Jiang B. Effect of Eruption Status of theMandibular Third Molar on Distal Caries in the Adjacent SecondMolar. J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2016;74(4):684-692.
4. Loubele M, Bogaerts R, Van Dijck E, Pauwels R, Vanheusden S, SuetensP, et al. Comparison between effective radiation dose of CBCT andMSCT scanners for dentomaxillofacial applications. Eur J Radiol 2009;71(3):461-468.
5. Song F LD, Glenny A, Sheldon T. . Prophylactic removal of impactedthird molars: an assessment of published reviews. Brit dent j1997;182(9):339-46.
6. National Institute for Clinical Excellence and Guidance on theExtraction of Wisdom Teeth . London, UK : The British Institute ofRadiology. 2000.
7. Alqerban A, Jacobs R, Souza P, Willems G. In-vitro comparison of twocone-beam computed tomography systems and panoramic imaging fordetecting simulated canine impaction induced external root resorptionin maxillary lateral incisors. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop2009;136: 764e1-764e11
8. Kaczor-Urbanowicz K, Zadurska M, Czochrowska E. Impacted Teeth:An Interdisciplinary Perspective. Adv Clin Exp Med. 2016;25(3):575-85.
9. Matzen L, Schropp L, Spin-Neto R, Wenzel A. Radiographic signsof pathology determining removal of an impacted mandibular thirdmolar assessed in a panoramic image or CBCT. Dentomaxillofac Radiol2017;46(1):20160330.
10. Yesiltepe S, Kılcı G. Evaluation the relationship between the positionand impaction level of the impacted maxillary third molar teeth andmarginal bone loss, caries and resorption findings of the second molarteeth with CBCT scans. Oral Radiol. 2022;38(2):269-277
11. Patel PS, Shah JS, Dudhia BB, Butala PB, Jani YV, Macwan RS.Comparison of panoramic radiograph and cone beam computedtomography findings for impacted mandibular third molar root andinferior alveolar nerve canal relation. Indian J Dent Res. 2020;31(1):91-102.
12. Garc&iacute;a AG, Sampedro FG, Rey JG, Vila PG, Martin MS. Pell-Gregoryclassification is unreliable as a predictor of difficulty in extractingimpacted lower third molars. Br J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2000;38(6):585-587.
13. G&ouml;ksu V,Ersoy H,Eberlik&ouml;se H,Y&uuml;cel Z G&ouml;m&uuml;l&uuml; Mandibular&Uuml;&ccedil;&uuml;nc&uuml; Molar Diş Pozisyonlarının Demografik Olarak İncelenmesi:Retrospektif &Ccedil;alışma. ADO Klinik Bilimler Dergisi (online). 2021;10(3):165-171.
14. Peker I, Sarikir C, Alkurt MT. Panoramic radiography and cone-beam computed tomography findings in preoperative examination ofimpacted mandibular third molars. BMC Oral Health. 2014;14(1):71.
15. Syed KB, Alshahrani FS, Alabsi WS, Alqahtani ZA, Hameed MS,Mustafa AB, et al. Prevalence of distal caries in mandibular secondmolar due to impacted third molar. Journal of clinical and diagnosticresearch: JCDR. 2017;11(3):28-30
16. Jung YH, Cho BH. Assessment of maxillary third molars withpanoramic radiography and cone-beam computed tomography.Imaging Sci Dent. 2015;45(4):233-40
17. Hugoson A, Kugelberg C. The prevalence of third molars in a Swedishpopulation. An epidemiological study. Community Dent Health1988;5(2):121-138.
18. Quek S, Tay C, Tay K, Toh S, Lim K. Pattern of third molar impactionin a Singapore Chinese population: a retrospective radiographic survey.Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2003;32(5):548-552.
19. Yuasa H, Kawai T, Sugiura M. Classification of surgical difficulty inextracting impacted third molars. Br J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2002Feb;40(1):26-31.
20. McArdle L, McDonald F, Jones J. Distal cervical caries in themandibular second molar: An indication for the prophylactic removalof third molar teeth? Update. Br J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2014;52(2):185-189.
21. Oze&ccedil; I, Herg&uuml;ner SS, Taşdemir U, Ezirganli S, G&ouml;ktolga G. Prevalenceand factors affecting the formation of second molar distal caries in aTurkish population. Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2009;38(12):1279-1282.
22. McArdle LW, Patel N, Jones J, McDonald F. The mesially impactedmandibular third molar: The incidence and consequences of distalcervical caries in the mandibular second molar. The Surgeon.2018;16(2):67-73.
23. Jin X, Zhang X-Z, Jin C-R, Xuan Y-Z. Analysis of Factors Related toDistal Proximal Caries on the Distal Surface of the Mandibular SecondMolar Induced by an Impacted Mandibular Third Molar. InternationalJournal of General Medicine. 2021;14:3659.
24. Ye Z-X, Qian W-H, Wu Y-B, Yang C. Pathologies associatedwith the mandibular third molar impaction. Sci. Prog. 2021;104(2):368504211013247
25. AlHobail SQ, Baseer MA, Ingle NA, Assery MK, AlSanea JA,AlMugeiren OM. Evaluation Distal Caries of the Second Molars inthe Presence of Third Molars among Saudi Patients. J Int Soc PrevCommunity Dent. 2019;9(5):505-512.
26. Bagis N, Kolsuz ME, Kursun S, Orhan K. Comparison of intraoralradiography and cone-beam computed tomography for the detection ofperiodontal defects: an in vitro study. BMC Oral Health. 2015;15(1):64.
27. Matzen LH, Schropp L, Spin-Neto R, Wenzel A. Use of cone beamcomputed tomography to assess significant imaging findings relatedto mandibular third molar impaction. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral PatholOral Radiol. 2017;124(5):506-516.
28. Dias MJ, Franco A, Junqueira JL, Fayad FT, Pereira PH, Oenning AC.Marginal bone loss in the second molar related to impacted mandibularthird molars: comparison between panoramic images and cone beamcomputed tomography. Medicina oral, patologia oral y cirugia bucal,2020;25(3):395-402.
29. Hermann L, Wenzel A, Schropp L, Matzen LH. Marginal bone lossand resorption of second molars related to maxillary third molarsin panoramic images compared with CBCT. DentomaxillofacialRadiology. 2019;48(4):20180313.
30. Moreira-Souza L, Butini Oliveira L, Ga&ecirc;ta-Araujo H, Almeida-MarquesM, Asprino L, Oenning AC. Comparison of CBCT and panoramicradiography for the assessment of bone loss and root resorption onthe second molar associated with third molar impaction: a systematicreview. Dento maxillo facial radiology, 2022:51(3), 20210217.
31. Yamaoka M, Furusawa K, Ikeda M, Hasegawa T. Root resorption ofmandibular second molar teeth associated with the presence of thethird molars. Aust Dent J. 1999;44:2112-116.
32. Keskin Tun&ccedil; S, Koc A. Evaluation of Risk Factors for External RootResorption and Dental Caries of Second Molars Associated WithImpacted Third Molars. Journal of oral and maxillofacial surgery2020;78(9):1467-1477.
33. Vaz de Souza D, Schirru E, Mannocci F, Foschi F, Patel S. ExternalCervical Resorption: A Comparison of the Diagnostic Efficacy Using2 Different Cone-beam Computed Tomographic Units and PeriapicalRadiographs. Journal of endodontics.2017;43(1):121-125.
34. Wang D, He X, Wang Y, Li Z, Zhu Y, Sun C, et al. External rootresorption of the second molar associated with mesially andhorizontally impacted mandibular third molar: evidence from conebeam computed tomography. Clin Oral Invest, 2017;21(4):1335-1342.
35. Li D, Tao Y, Cui Mea. External root resorption in maxillary andmandibular second molars associated with impacted third molars:a cone-beam computed tomographic study. Clin Oral Invest 2019;23(12):4195-4203
36. Oenning ACC, Neves FS, Alencar PNB, Prado RF, Groppo FC, Haiter-Neto F. External root resorption of the second molar associated withthird molar impaction: comparison of panoramic radiography andcone beam computed tomography. Journal of Oral and MaxillofacialSurgery. 2014;72(8):1444-1455.
37. Şahin O, &Ccedil;akmak EŞ, Bayrak S, Demiralp K&Ouml;, Ankaral H. ExternalRoot Resorption and Caries of Mandibular Second Molar inAssociation with Third Molar Impaction Status. Journal of DentistryIndonesia. 2019;26(1):5-9.
38. Strbac GD, Foltin A, Gahleitner A, Bantleon H-P, Watzek G, BernhartT. The prevalence of root resorption of maxillary incisors caused byimpacted maxillary canines Clin Oral Invest. 2013;17(2):553-64.
39. Alqerban A, Jacobs R, Fieuws S, Willems G. Comparison of two conebeam computed tomographic systems versus panoramic imagingfor localization of impacted maxillary canines and detection of rootresorption. The European Journal of Orthodontics. 2011;33(1):93-102.
Article available in :
Volume 1, Issue 3, 2023
Page : 66-80
https://doi.org/10.51271/JDSE-0013
Article Information
Received : 01 Eyl 2023
Accepted : 30 Eyl 2023
Published : 30 Eyl 2023
Corresponding Author :

Elif Pınar Bakır: Dicle University, Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Restorative Dentistry, Diyarbakır, Turkey

[email protected]
Citation : Kısa H, Bakır EP. Investigation of the effects of embedded third molar to the second molar through cbct and panoramic radiography. J Dent Sci Educ. 2023;1(3):66-80.

Read: 141
Cited: 0
Download : 64
_Footer