JDSE
Journal of Dental Sciences and Education

The Journal of Dental Sciences and Education deals with General Dentistry, Pediatric Dentistry, Restorative Dentistry, Orthodontics, Oral diagnosis and DentomaxilloFacial Radiology, Endodontics, Prosthetic Dentistry, Periodontology, Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Oral Implantology, Dental Education and other dentistry fields and accepts articles on these topics. Journal of Dental Science and Education publishes original research articles, review articles, case reports, editorial commentaries, letters to the editor, educational articles, and conference/meeting announcements. This journal is indexed by indices that are considered international scientific journal indices (DRJI, ESJI, OAJI, etc.). According to the current Associate Professorship criteria, it is within the scope of International Article 1-d. Each article published in this journal corresponds to 5 points.

eISSN: 2980-1389
Creative Commons CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 International License.
EndNote Style

Online Manuscript System

Index
Original Article
Prevalence of elongated styloid process on cone-beam computed tomographic images: a retrospective study
Abstract
Aims: The aim of the study was to evaluate the prevalence and the morphometric features of the styloid process (SP) via cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT).
Methods: 400 SP of 200 individuals (92 males, 108 females, age range 12-81) were examined retrospectively in CBCT images in the axial, sagittal, and coronal planes. The measurements of SP and clinical and incidental findings associated with styloid ligament elongation (ESP) were detected. For descriptive statistics, the mean and standard deviation are given for numerical variables. The Mann-Whitney U test was used for measurements. The consistency of right and left SP lengths was analyzed for normality using the Shapiro-Wilk test (p<0.05).
Results: Males (55.7%) had a substantially higher prevalence of ESP than females (33.1%) (p = 0.032). On the right side of the SP, the mean length was 26,76 mm (range: 8,7–63,3 mm), while on the left, it was 26,61 mm (range: 5,8–55,9 mm). 51 of them had bilateral lengths greater than 30 mm. The eight symptomatic patients' CBCT scans revealed SP sized anywhere from 36,6 mm to 69 mm on the right side. As incidental findings, soft tissue calsifications were detected in 5% of the 200 patients.
Conclusion: Three-dimensional imaging to identify SPE and also possible soft tissue calcifications in the maxillofacial region has a significant impact in cases with or without symptoms.

Keywords : Calsification, cone-Beam CT, eagle syndrome

Download Article


1. Glogoff MR, Baum SM, Cheifetz I. Diagnosis and treatment of Eagle&rsquo;sSyndrome. J. Oral Surg. 1981;39(12):941-944.
2. Murtagh RD, Caracciolo JT, Fernandez G. CT findings associated withEagle syndrome. Am J Neuroradiol. 2001;22(7):1401-1412
3. Abuhaimed AK, Alvarez R, Menezes RG. Anatomy, Head and Neck,Styloid Process. 2022 Jan 14. In: StatPearls [Internet]. Treasure Island(FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2022 Jan-. PMID: 31082019.
4. Vadgaonkar R, Murlimanju BV, Prabhu LV, et al. Morphological studyof styloid process of the temporal bone and its clinical implications.Anat Cell Biol. 2015;48(3):195-200.
5. Piagkou M, Anagnostopoulou S, Kouladouros K, Piagkos G. Eagle&rsquo;ssyndrome: a review of the literature.Clin Anat.2009;22(5):545-58.
6. Custodio AL, Silva MR, Abreu MH, Ara&uacute;jo LR, de Oliveira LJ. StyloidProcess of the Temporal Bone: Morphometric Analysis and ClinicalImplications. Biomed Res Int. 2016;2016:8792725.
7. Badhey A, Jategaonkar A, Anglin Kovacs AJ, Kadakia S, De Deyn PP,Ducic Y, et al. Eagle syndrome: A comprehensive review. Clin NeurolNeurosurg. 2017;159:34-38.
8. Moon CS, Lee BS, Kwon YD, et al. Eagle&rsquo;s syndrome: a case report. JKorean Assoc Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2014;40(1):43-47.
9. Kamal A, Nazir R, Usman M, Salam BU, Sana F. Eaglesyndrome; radiological evaluation and management.J Pak MedAssoc.2014;64(11):1315-1317.
10. Nayak DR, Pujary K, Aggarwal M, Punnoose SE, Chaly VA. Roleof three-dimensional computed tomography reconstruction in themanagement of elongated styloid process: a preliminary study. JLaryngol Otol. 2007;121(4):349-353.
11. Petrovic B, Radak D, Kostic V, Covickovic-Sternic N. Styloid syndrome:a review of literature. Srp Arh Celok Lek. 2008;136(11-12):667-674.
12. Scarfe WC, Farman AG, Sukovic P: Clinical applications of cone-beamcomputed tomography in dental practice. J Canadian Dental Assoc.2006;72(1):75-80.
13. White SC, Pharoah MJ. White and Pharoah&rsquo;s Oral Radiology:Principles and Interpretation. 8th ed. St. Louis, Missouri: ElsevierMosby;2018. p.185-199.
14. Paparella MM, Shumrick DA. Otolaryngology Philadelphia. 2nd ed.Saunders: Elsevier;1980.
15. Correll RW, Jensen JL, Taylor JB, Rhyne RR. Mineralization of thestylohyoid-stylomandibular ligament complex. A radiographicincidence study. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol. 1979;48(4):286-291.
16. Keur JJ, Campbell JP, McCarthy JF, Ralph WJ. The clinical significanceof the elongated styloid process. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol1986;61(4):399-404.
17. Langlais RP, Miles DA, Van Dis ML. Elongated and mineralizedstylohyoid ligament complex: a proposed classification and reportof a case of Eagle&rsquo;s syndrome. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol1986;61(5):527-532.
18. Sekerci AE, Soylu E, Arikan MP, Aglarci OS. Is there a relationshipbetween the presence of ponticulus posticus and elongated styloidprocess? Clin Imaging. 2015;39(2): 220-224.
19. Anbiaee N, Javadzadeh A. Elongated styloid process: Is it a pathologiccondition? Indian J Dent Res. 2011;22(5):673-677.
20. Prasad KC, Kamath MP, Reddy KJ, Raju K, Agarwal S. Elongatedstyloid process (Eagle&rsquo;s syndrome): A clinical study. J Oral MaxillofacSurg. 2002;60(2):171-175.
21. Donmez M, Okumus O, Pekiner FN. Cone beam computedtomographic evaluation of styloid process: A retrospective study of1000 patients. European Journal of Dentistry. 2017;11(02):210-215.
22. İlg&uuml;y M, İlg&uuml;y D, G&uuml;ler N, Bayirli G. Incidence of the type andcalcification patterns in patients with elongated styloid process. J IntMed Res .2005;33(1):96-102.
23. &Ouml;ztun&ccedil; H, Evlice B, Tatli U, Evlice A. Cone-beam computedtomographic evaluation of styloid process: a retrospective study of 208patients with orofacial pain. Head &amp; face medicine. 2014;10(1):1-7.
24. Tijanic M, Buric N, Buric K. The use of Cone Beam CT (CBCT) indifferentiation of true from mimicking Eagle&rsquo;s syndrome. Int J EnvironRes Public Health. 2020;17(16):5654.
25. Buyuk C, Gunduz K, Avsever H. Morphological assessment of thestylohyoid complex variations with cone beam computed tomographyin a Turkish population. Folia morphologica 2018;77(1):79-89.
26. Javadian Langaroodi A, Hoseini Zarch SH, Rahpeyma A, EbrahimnejadH, Arezoobakhsh A, Sanaei A. Assessment of stylohyoid ligamentin patients with Eagle&rsquo;s syndrome and patients with asymptomaticelongated styloid process: A cone-beam computed tomography study.Journal of Oral Health and Oral Epidemiology. 2016;5(4):215-220.
27. Rechtweg JS, Wax MK. Eagle&rsquo;s syndrome: a review. Am J Otolaryngol1998;19(5):316-321.
28. Nal&ccedil;acı R, Mısırlıoğlu M. Yaşlı Bireylerde Stiloid Pro&ccedil;esin RadyolojikOlarak Değerlendirilmesi. Atat&uuml;rk &Uuml;niversitesi Diş Hekimliği Fak&uuml;ltesiDergisi 2006;3(1):1-6.
29. Camarda AJ, Deschamps C, Forest DI. Stylohyoid chain ossification: adiscussion of etiology. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol. 1989;67(5):508-514.
30. Jung T, Tschernitschek H, Hippen H, Schneider B, Borchers L. Elongatedstyloid process: when is it really elongated?. DentomaxillofacialRadiology. 2004;33(2):119-124.
31. Missias EM, Nascimento EHL, Pontual MLA, Pontual AA, Freitas DQ,Perez DEC, Ramos-Perez FMM. Prevalence of soft tissue calcificationsin the maxillofacial region detected by cone beam CT.OralDiseases.2018;24(4):628-637.
32. Pette GA, Norkin FJ, Ganeles J, et al. Incidental findings froma retrospective study of 318 cone beam computed tomographyconsultation reports. Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants. 2012;27(3):595-603.
33. Price JB, Thaw KL, Tyndall DA, Ludlow JB, Padilla RJ. Incidentalfindings from cone beam computed tomography of the maxillofacialregion: a descriptive retrospective study. Clin Oral Implants Res.2012;23(11):1261-1268.
Article available in :
Volume 1, Issue 3, 2023
Page : 61-65
https://doi.org/10.51271/JDSE-0012
Article Information
Received : 07 Tem 2023
Accepted : 26 Tem 2023
Published : 30 Eyl 2023
Corresponding Author :

Ezgi Katı:

[email protected]
Citation : Katı E. Prevalence of elongated styloid process on cone-beam computed tomographic images: a retrospective study. J Dent Sci Educ. 2023;1(3):61-65.

Read: 506
Cited: 0
Download : 492
_Footer